Perdarahan akibat defisiensi vitamin K pada neonatus: Sebuah laporan kasus
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- DOI: https://doi.org/10.15562/medicina.v52i3.1075 |
- Published: 2021-09-20
Open Access & Peer Reviewed
Multidisciplinary Medical Journal
Multidisciplinary Medical Journal
Abstract
Vitamin K deficiency bleeding (VKDB), previously called hemorrhagic disease of the newborn (HDN), is one of the causes of bleeding in newborn. Incidence of VKDB case were varied depends on the category. The bleeding manifestations were diverse from skin bleeding to intracranial bleeding. Vitamin K deficiency bleeding could be anticipated by providing newborn a vitamin K prophylaxis. In Indonesia, administration of vitamin K as prophylaxis has become a protocol for all newborn. However, we encountered a VKDB case in newborn who already got vitamin K prophylaxis. In this report we present the case of a female newborn, present with gastrointestinal tract bleeding at 14 hours of age. The newborn looked well and active. She was born through a caesarean section and already got vitamin K prophylaxis. The bleeding caused anemia with disturbance in coagulation system. The newborn then got vitamin K injection and blood transfusion. After treatment, she recovered well and discharged from hospital. Although VKDB in newborn is a rare case, clinicians must be capable in diagnosing the case in order to provide the proper treatments.
Perdarahan akibat defisiensi vitamin K (PDVK), yang dahulu dikenal dengan nama hemorrhagic disease of the newborn (HDN), merupakan salah satu penyebab perdarahan pada masa neonatus. Insiden PDVK bervariasi tergantung kategori onsetnya. Manifestasi yang didapatkan juga bervariasi, yaitu perdarahan di kulit hingga perdarahan intrakranial. Kejadian PDVK dapat dicegah dengan pemberian vitamin K profilaksis. Di Indonesia, pemberian vitamin K profilaksis telah diterapkan sebagai protokol bagi seluruh bayi baru lahir. Namun, kami menemukan sebuah kasus PDVK pada bayi yang sudah mendapatkan profilaksis tersebut. Pada laporan kasus ini dilaporkan kasus bayi perempuan berusia 14 jam mengalami perdarahan gastrointestinal. Bayi tersebut tampak aktif, yang lahir secara seksio sesarea dan sudah mendapatkan vitamin K profilaksis saat lahir. Akibat perdarahan tersebut bayi mengalami anemia dengan gangguan koagulasi. Selama perawatan bayi diberikan injeksi vitamin K dan transfusi darah. Setelah diterapi bayi menunjukkan perbaikan sehingga dapat dipulangkan. Meskipun kasus PDVK merupakan kasus yang jarang ditemukan, klinisi diharapkan mampu mendiagnosis kasus tersebut agar dapat memberikan tatalaksana yang sesuai.
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How to Cite
Linardi, J. I., & Dewi, M. R. (2021). Perdarahan akibat defisiensi vitamin K pada neonatus: Sebuah laporan kasus. Medicina, 52(3), 129–132. https://doi.org/10.15562/medicina.v52i3.1075
