Status imunisasi pada anak usia di bawah 2 tahun di Puskesmas Denpasar Selatan

AA Wiwin Indayani; IGAN Sugitha Adnyana; IGA Trisna Windiani, Soetjiningsih

doi:10.15562/medicina.v52i2.712

Status imunisasi pada anak usia di bawah 2 tahun di Puskesmas Denpasar Selatan

AA Wiwin Indayani ,

IGAN Sugitha Adnyana ,

IGA Trisna Windiani, Soetjiningsih ,

pdf |
DOI: https://doi.org/10.15562/medicina.v52i2.712 |
Published: 2021-06-20

Abstract

Immunization is one of the most effective health protection measures for children against several diseases. The age of children under 2 years is a golden period for the growth and development of a child's immune system that is perfect, so immunization must be given to children. Based on the survey conducted at the Denpasar Public Health Center obtaining basic immunization as much as 80.97% in 2016. Characteristics of giving immunization to children is very important to be linked as an effort to improve the completeness of basic immunizations.This study aimed to study the characteristics of immunization status in children under 2 years of age who received basic immunization in the South Denpasar Health Center.Descriptive research, with cross-sectional design. The research subjects were 100 children. Data obtained by using questionnaires.A total of 100 subjects found 81% had complete basic immunization status. 58% of children are male, 55% are children 12-23 months, 67% are of good nutritional status. The level of education is 57% with high school education, 75% of mothers do not work. As many as 48% of children who visited because of illness to the puskesma more than 2 times in 1 year with the main cause was ISPA 91% and diarrhea 47%.

Immunization status of children under 2 years in the work area of South Denpasar Community Health Center is mostly age-appropriate.

Imunisasi merupakan salah satu upaya perlindungan kesehatan yang paling efektif untuk anak-anak terhadap beberapa penyakit. Usia anak di bawah 2 tahun merupakan golden period untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan serta sistem kekebalan tubuh anak belum sempurna, sehingga imunisasi wajib diberikan pada anak. Berdasarkan survey yang telah dilakukan di Puskesmas Denpasar selatan didapatkan cakupan imunisasi dasar sebanyak 80,97% pada tahun 2016. Karakteristik pemberian imunisasi pada anak sangat penting untuk diketahui sebagai salah satu usaha untuk meningkatkan cakupan kelengkapan imunisasi dasar.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik status imunisasi pada anak usia di bawah 2 tahun yang menerima imunisasi dasar di Puskesmas Denpasar Selatan.Penelitian deskriptif, dengan desain potong lintang. Subyek penelitian sebanyak 100 anak. Data didapatkan dengan menggunakan kuisioner.Sebanyak 100 subjek ditemukan 81% memiliki status imunisasi dasar lengkap. 58% anak berjenis kelamin lelaki, 55% anak berusia 12-23 bulan, 67% dengan status gizi baik. Tingkat pendidikan sebanyak 57% yang mengenyam pendidikan SMA, 75% ibu tidak bekerja. Sebanyak 48% anak yang melalukan kunjungan oleh karena sakit ke puskesma lebih dari 2 kali dalam 1 tahun dengan penyebab utama adalah ISPA 91% dan diare 47%.Status imunisasi anak usia dibawah 2 tahun di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Denpasar selatan sebagian besar lengkap sesuai umur.

References

Ansari A, Khan Z, Khalique N, Shiddiqui AR. Health Profile of Under Fives in Rural Areas of Aligrah, India. Indian J Prev Soc Med. 2008;39(4):93-77.
Abdou SM, Awady M, Ezz A, Buolus D. Frequency and Characteristics of Common Infectious Disease Among Children Under 5 Years Old Presenting at Giza Family Health Center During 2013. The Egyptian Journal of Community Medicine. 2017; 35(2):49-55.
Vos Theo. Global and National Burden of Diseases and Injuries Among Children and Adolescents Between 1990-2003 : Findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2013 Study. JAMA Pediatr. 2016; 170(3):267-87.
Traebert P, Nickel D, Traebert E, Escalante J, Schenider L. The Burden of Infectious Diseases in The Brazilian Southern State of Santa Catarina. Journal of Infection and Public Health. 2016;9:181-91.
Hinman A, Orenstein W, Schuhat A. Vaccine preventable disease, immunizations, and the epidemic intelligence service. American Journal of Epidemiology. 2011;174(11):16-22.
Hadianti D, Mulyati E, Ratnaningsih E, Sofiati F, Saputro H, Sumastri H, Suryani P. Buku Ajar Imunisasi. Pusat Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Tenaga Kesehatan. 2014.
Pottie K, Mayhew A, Mortin L, Greenway C, Rahman P, Pareek M. Prevention and Assesment of Infectious Diseases among Children and Adult Migrants Arriving to the European Union/ European Economic Association : a Protocol for Suite of Systematic Reviews for Public Health and Health System. BMJ. 2017;7:1-8.
Lestari W, Tjitra E, Sandjaja. 2009. Dampak Status Imunisasi Anak Balita di Indonesia Terhadap Kejadian Penyakit. Media Peneliti dan Pengembang Kesehatan. 2009;19(2):5-12.
Maysaroh Siti. Pengaruh Imunisasi Terhadap Tingkat Morbiditas dan Status Gizi (IMT/U) Pada Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Polokarto Sukoharjo. Repositori Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakatta. 2016.
Davis L, Shah R, Kenedy D, Becker E. Factors associated with potentially preventable pediatric admissions vary by diagnosis : Findings from a large state. Hospital Pediatrics. 2016;9(10):585-92.
Oliviera M, Martinez E, Rocha J. Factors associated with vaccination coverage in children < 5 years in Angola. Rev Saude Publica. 2014.
Mawson A, Ray B, Bhuyian A, Jacob B. Pilot comparative study on the health of vaccinated and unvaccinated 6-12 years old US Children. Journal of Translational Science. 2017.
Serup S, Stensbelle L, Krause T, Asby P, Benn C, Rawn H. Oral Polio vaccination and Hospital Admissions with Non-Polio Infections in Denmark : Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study. Open Forum Infectious Disease. 2015.
Samboninaga P, Ismanto Y, Onibala F. Hubungan pemberian imunisasi dasar lengkap dengan kejadian penyakit ISPA berulang pada balita di puskesmas ranotana weru kota manado. Repositori UNSRAT. 2015.
Desiyana F, Lubis Z, Nasution E. Hubungan kelengkapan imunisasi dengan kejadian infeksi saluran pernapasan akit ISPA pada anak balita di wilayah kerja puskesmas sawitr seberang kecamatan sawit seberang kabupaten langkat tahun 2017. Repositori USU. 2017.
Ikatan Dokter Indonesia. Panduan praktik klinis bagi dokter di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan primer. Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 2014.
Kementrian Kesehatan RI. Profil Kesehatan Indonesia Tahun 2016. Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 2017.

[1] Ansari A, Khan Z, Khalique N, Shiddiqui AR. Health Profile of Under Fives in Rural Areas of Aligrah, India. Indian J Prev Soc Med. 2008;39(4):93-77.

[2] Abdou SM, Awady M, Ezz A, Buolus D. Frequency and Characteristics of Common Infectious Disease Among Children Under 5 Years Old Presenting at Giza Family Health Center During 2013. The Egyptian Journal of Community Medicine. 2017; 35(2):49-55.

[3] Vos Theo. Global and National Burden of Diseases and Injuries Among Children and Adolescents Between 1990-2003 : Findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2013 Study. JAMA Pediatr. 2016; 170(3):267-87.

[4] Traebert P, Nickel D, Traebert E, Escalante J, Schenider L. The Burden of Infectious Diseases in The Brazilian Southern State of Santa Catarina. Journal of Infection and Public Health. 2016;9:181-91.

[5] Hinman A, Orenstein W, Schuhat A. Vaccine preventable disease, immunizations, and the epidemic intelligence service. American Journal of Epidemiology. 2011;174(11):16-22.

[6] Hadianti D, Mulyati E, Ratnaningsih E, Sofiati F, Saputro H, Sumastri H, Suryani P. Buku Ajar Imunisasi. Pusat Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Tenaga Kesehatan. 2014.

[7] Pottie K, Mayhew A, Mortin L, Greenway C, Rahman P, Pareek M. Prevention and Assesment of Infectious Diseases among Children and Adult Migrants Arriving to the European Union/ European Economic Association : a Protocol for Suite of Systematic Reviews for Public Health and Health System. BMJ. 2017;7:1-8.

[8] Lestari W, Tjitra E, Sandjaja. 2009. Dampak Status Imunisasi Anak Balita di Indonesia Terhadap Kejadian Penyakit. Media Peneliti dan Pengembang Kesehatan. 2009;19(2):5-12.

[9] Maysaroh Siti. Pengaruh Imunisasi Terhadap Tingkat Morbiditas dan Status Gizi (IMT/U) Pada Balita di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Polokarto Sukoharjo. Repositori Universitas Muhamadiyah Surakatta. 2016.

[10] Davis L, Shah R, Kenedy D, Becker E. Factors associated with potentially preventable pediatric admissions vary by diagnosis : Findings from a large state. Hospital Pediatrics. 2016;9(10):585-92.

[11] Oliviera M, Martinez E, Rocha J. Factors associated with vaccination coverage in children < 5 years in Angola. Rev Saude Publica. 2014.

[12] Mawson A, Ray B, Bhuyian A, Jacob B. Pilot comparative study on the health of vaccinated and unvaccinated 6-12 years old US Children. Journal of Translational Science. 2017.

[13] Serup S, Stensbelle L, Krause T, Asby P, Benn C, Rawn H. Oral Polio vaccination and Hospital Admissions with Non-Polio Infections in Denmark : Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Study. Open Forum Infectious Disease. 2015.

[14] Samboninaga P, Ismanto Y, Onibala F. Hubungan pemberian imunisasi dasar lengkap dengan kejadian penyakit ISPA berulang pada balita di puskesmas ranotana weru kota manado. Repositori UNSRAT. 2015.

[15] Desiyana F, Lubis Z, Nasution E. Hubungan kelengkapan imunisasi dengan kejadian infeksi saluran pernapasan akit ISPA pada anak balita di wilayah kerja puskesmas sawitr seberang kecamatan sawit seberang kabupaten langkat tahun 2017. Repositori USU. 2017.

[16] Ikatan Dokter Indonesia. Panduan praktik klinis bagi dokter di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan primer. Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 2014.

[17] Kementrian Kesehatan RI. Profil Kesehatan Indonesia Tahun 2016. Kementrian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. 2017.

Status imunisasi pada anak usia di bawah 2 tahun di Puskesmas Denpasar Selatan

Abstract

References

How to Cite

Search Panel